منابع مشابه
Papain: a novel urine adulterant.
The estimated number of employees in the United Stated screened annually for illicit drugs is approximately 20 million, with marijuana being the most frequently abused drug. Urine adulterants provide an opportunity for illicit drug users to obtain a false-negative result on commonly used primary drug screening methods such as the enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique and the fluorescence pola...
متن کاملA Classic Case of Maple Syrup Urine Disease and a Novel Mutation in the BCKDHA Gene
Background: Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an inherited branched-chain amino acid metabolic disorder caused by the deficiency in the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKD) complex. In MSUD, elevation of the branched-chain amino acids, such as alpha-keto acid and alpha-hydroxy acid, occurs due to the BCKDC gene deficiency, appearing in the blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid,...
متن کاملNovel spot tests for detecting the presence of zinc sulfate in urine, a newly introduced urinary adulterant to invalidate drugs of abuse testing.
OBJECTIVES To find a suitable method for detecting zinc sulfate in adulterated urine. METHODS Two rapid spot tests to detect the presence of zinc sulfate in urine were developed. RESULTS Addition of 3 to 4 drops of 1N sodium hydroxide solution to approximately 1 mL of urine containing zinc sulfate led to the formation of a white precipitate, which was soluble in excess sodium hydroxide. In ...
متن کاملBioanalytical methods for quantitation of levamisole, a widespread cocaine adulterant.
Abstract Levamisole is an anthelminthic that was first used as a de-worming agent in humans and animals. It has also been used to treat inflammatory conditions as well as certain types of cancer. Levamisole was discontinued for human use in the early 21st century due to toxic side effects including agranulocytosis and vasculitis. Recently, levamisole was discovered as a cocaine adulterant after...
متن کاملA Phytophthora infestans cystatin-like protein targets a novel tomato papain-like apoplastic protease.
There is emerging evidence that the proteolytic machinery of plants plays important roles in defense against pathogens. The oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans, the agent of the devastating late blight disease of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and potato (Solanum tuberosum), has evolved an arsenal of protease inhibitors to overcome the action of host proteases. Previously, we described a...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Analytical Toxicology
سال: 2005
ISSN: 1945-2403,0146-4760
DOI: 10.1093/jat/29.5.275